A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Preoperative Orientation Programme on Level of Anxiety among patients undergoing Cabg in selected hospital at Rajkot

 

Ms. Mitali Solanki¹, Mr. Suneesh P. M²., Mr. Jeenath Justin Doss. K.³

¹(II Year M.Sc. Nursing, MSN) Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Sainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot-360006.

²Guide, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Sainik Society, Jamnagar Road,

Rajkot-360006.

 

ABSTRACT:

A pre-experimental study to a study to assess the effectiveness of preoperative orientation programme on level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG in selected hospital at rajkot. The objectives of the study were (a) To assess the level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG in selected hospital at Rajkot. (b) To assess the effectiveness of preoperative orientation programme on post test score of level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG in selected hospital at Rajkot. (c) To find out the association between levels of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG after preoperative orientation programme, with their selected demographic variables. The research approach selected for the study was quantitative research approach and pre-experimental research – one group pre-test post-test design. The study was conducted at selected hospital at Rajkot. Total 40 samples were selected from preoperative settings based on non-probability purposive sampling. The researcher used structured interview schedule and Hamilton anxiety test for data collection regarding demographic variables and pre-test. As a part of intervention Preoperative orientation programme was carried out among patients undergoing CABG. The post-test score was measured with the same Hamilton anxiety test after 7 days. The collected data were analyzed by using inferential statistical method. t- test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative orientation programme on level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG. It revealed that the mean score of pretest was 25.68 and posttest was 15.68. The Mean difference was 10. The obtained ‘t’ value 17.66. Henes it was highly significant p<0.05 level. Hence their findings of the study revealed that the Preoperative Orientation Programme was effective in reducing the level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG.

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

World Health Organization describes health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity. Psychosomatic medicine acts as a bridge between psychiatry and other medical disciplines. Conceptually, the mind-body link has always fascinated medical man as ultimate acknowledgement of good treatment will eventually be appreciated by the mind and not the body. CABG surgery consist of the construction of new conduits between aorta, or other major arteries and the myocardium distal to the obstructed coronary ateries.¹ According to the American Heart Association, coronary artery bypass graft surgeries are among the most commonly performed major operations. CABG surgery is advised for selected groups of patients with significant narrowing and blockages of the heart arteries². CABG surgery creates new routes around narrowed and blocked arteries, allowing sufficient blood flow to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle.³

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Currently, as India is having a higher incidence of CAD and CABG surgeries as compared to the other countries in the world. Although there are some previously published studies on assessment of preoperative anxiety among CABG surgery from various countries, there is a research gap as it is not found among the Indian population. As the Indian population is well represented everywhere hence the findings of this study will give new insight on preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing CABG surgery to the scientific community.⁴

 

Nurses caring the patient undergoing CABG surgery in the pre-operative period often notice the overwhelming anxiety, fear, and stress that many of their patients experience. Information on how these patient experience anxiety before CABG surgery is important in order to plan some effective interventions that can be applied and may aid patients to decrease their anxiety levels, resulting in a faster recovery potentially. The findings of this study will also provide additional evidence about pre-operative anxiety to the nurses and health professionals in creating health care policies and to implement appropriate interventions.⁵

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.     To assess the level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG in selected hospital at Rajkot.

2.     To assess the effectiveness of preoperative orientation programme on post test score of level of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG in selected hospital at Rajkot.

3.     To find out the association between levels of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG after preoperative orientation programme, with their selected demographic variables.

 

RESEARCH HYPOTHESES:

H₁ There will be a significant reductions in the level of anxiety after preoperative orientation programme among patients undergoing CABG.

 

H₂ There will be a significant association between levels of anxiety among patients undergoing CABG with their selected demographic variables.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:

Research approach:

Quantitative research approach

 

Research design:

Pre- experimental, one group pre-test post-test design

 

Setting:

The study was conducted in Unicare Hospital at Rajkot.

 

Population:

Target Population:

Patients undergoing CABG in Unicare hospital at Rajkot.

 

Accessible Population:

Patients undergoing CABG with anxiety in Unicare hospital Rajkot

 

SAMPLE:

Sample size:

The sample size of the study was 40 patients undergoing CABG.

 

Sampling technique:

The research study was conducted by non-probability purposive sampling technique.

 

Data analysis plan:

The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

 

RESULTS:

Major study findings includes

A.   Findings related to demographic variables of the study

1.     The majority of 27(67.5%) sample’s age is between 50-60years.

2.      The majority of 24 (60%) the sample’s sex is male.

3.     The majority of 18 (45%) the sample’s education status is secondary.

4.     The majority of 18 (45%) samples are belongs from middle class.

5.      The majority of 19(47.5%) the sample’s previous knowledge is from friends/family.

6.      The majority of 26(65%) samples are not having past surgical history

7.      The majority of 24(60 %) samples are having associated disease.

8.      The majority of 23(57.5%) samples are having previous hospitalization.

 

 

With regards to effectiveness of preoperative orientation programme to reduce level of anxiety among patient undergoing CABG, the obtained t-test for the level of stress calculated t-value was 17.66 and tabulated t- value was 2.02. thus shows very highly significant at p<0.05 level.

 

With regards to the association between the level of anxiety with their selected demographic variables such as Age, sex, educational status, socioeconomic status, previous source of knowledge, past surgical history, associated disease and previous hospitalization. Education status was significant and rest of all the variables are not significant association found. The study shows that the calculated chi square value is less than tabulated value at the level of 0.05 for all the selected demographic variables, which shows there is significant association between effectiveness of preoperative orientation programme and selected demographic variables. 

 

CONCLUSION:

In this study most of the patient undergoing CABG who are having level of anxiety in pre test score was moderate and severe anxiety. This shows the crucial need to understand the purpose of preoperative orientation programme to reduction of anxiety levels and decreasing anxiety among patient undergoing CABG.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      S. Jadhav. R. Littlewood. A. G. Ryder, A. Chakraborty. S. Jain and M. Barua           Stigmatization of severe mental illness in India: against the simple industrialization hypothesis, Indian Journal of Psychiatry,.2017; 49(3): 189–194.

2.      P Hariprasath. Textbook of cardiovascular and thoracic nursing. Jaypee medical publication.2016.1.314

3.      Daniel lee kulick., MD., FACC., FSCAL. http://www.medicinenet.com. 2017

4.      Robyn Gallagher and Sharon McKinley. Stressors and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. American journal of critical care. 2007; 16: 248-250.

5.      C ramesh. baby s nayak and vasudev. Pre-operative anxiety in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery – A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences.2017; 7:31-36.

 

 

 

 

Received on 10.10.2019         Modified on 13.11.2019

Accepted on 18.12.2019       ©A&V Publications All right reserved